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ERYTHEMA
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????????? Erythema is reddish discolouration of skin it can be generalized erythema or localised erythema. Several diseases and organisms produce reddish discolouration of skin. Based on site of occurrence, causative organisms and morphology of lesion several different types of erythema and described.
????????? Examples Included – Erythema marginatum of Rheumatic fever, Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) caused by parvo Big virus. Erythema Multiforms in Steven Johnson syndrome, Erythema chronicum migrans in Lymer disease. Erythema rodosum caused by drugs and certain infection (leprosy). Erythema gyrotum upon in internal malignanacy, necrolytic migratory erythema in glucagonoma.
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????????? It is a collection of blood between duramater and bony part of skull. Most common causes is trauma of skull, characteristically the patient first goes in for unconsciousness and then recovers after sometime. This is because the bleeding in the extradural space first extends according to the attachments of endosteum, circumferentially, without compressing the brain. After some tie the circumferential extension is limited by the attachments of endosteum and the hematoma increases in size in perpendicular axis compressing the brain. This again results in unconsciousness. The clear conscious period in between these two events is called as lucid interval, which is characteristic of extradural hematoma. The importance of this lucid interval lies in the possibility of misjudgement of well being of the patient during the initial recovery. So if extradural hematoma is suspected after head injury, CT scan brain has to be done immediately and hematoma has to be evacuated.
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