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FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME
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It is a well recognized fact that population stabilization measures and general health initiatives, when effectively synchronized, synergistically maximize the socio-economic well being of the people.? The National Family Welfare Programme is being implemented in Tamil Nadu since 1956, purely on a voluntary basis.? It is viewed and implemented as a people's programme aimed to raise the standard of living of the people, improve Maternal and Child Health and thereby reduce population growth.? Tamil Nadu now follows the "Community Needs Assessment Approach" to implement the Family Welfare Programme in the State.?
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The demographic scenario of Tamil Nadu as per Government of India Sample Registration System? 2000, is furnished below:
1. Birth Rate???????????????????????????? 19.3 / 1000 population
2. Death Rate?????????????? ? ????????? 7.9? / 1000 population
3. Infant Mortality Rate 51?? / 1000 live births
4. Maternal Mortality Rate??????? 1.3? / 1000 live births
5. Natural Growth Rate??????????? 1.14 percent
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The following demographic goals have been fixed to be achieved by 2007 i.e., at the end of Tenth Five Year Plan.
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1. |
Infant Mortality Rate |
30 / 1000 live Births |
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2. |
Birth Rate |
15 / 1000 Population |
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3. |
Maternal Mortality Rate |
< 1 / 1000 Live Births |
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4. |
Total Fertility Rate |
1.7 |
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5. |
Couple Protection Rate |
65% |
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6. |
Reduction of Higher Order Births |
10% |
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7. |
Male participation in Contraception |
10% |
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Family Welfare Performance
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??????????? The Family Welfare Performance for 2002-2003 is as follows.
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Sl. No |
Methods |
Performance |
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1. |
Sterilisation |
400944 |
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2. |
I.U.D. Insertion |
411778 |
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3. |
Oral Pill Users |
149935 |
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4. |
C.C. Users |
190489 |
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Out of the total sterilisations conducted in the State during 2002-03, 57% of the sterilisations have been? performed in the Government Institutions, 10% under Voluntary Organisations, 25% in approved Nursing Homes, 3% in the Local Bodies and the remaining in unapproved Nursing Homes.
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A unique Scheme of providing Insurance coverage to the mothers who undergo sterilization has been introduced during February 2001 on an experimental basis for a period of one year. Under this scheme, if any mother who undergoes sterilisation and dies in any Hospital run by Government / Local Body / Voluntary Organisation or Approved Private Nursing Homes, compensation of Rs.2.00 lakhs will be paid.? In the event of death within 30 days of discharge,? a compensation of Rs.25,000/- will be paid.? This will be? in addition to the compensation sanctioned by Government of India. The scheme is implemented through the National Insurance Company Limited. The Government has ordered for extension of the scheme up to 30.4.2003.
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Concerns and Strategies
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??????????? Our State has demographic indicators which are far better than the rest of India.? However certain vital concerns still remain.
1.????? There is still a high level of higher order births (21.6), which has led to the birth rate stagnating around 19.2.?? Studies have shown that there is an unmet need of 13%? for family welfare services, both for spacing and terminal methods.
2.????? The Infant Mortality Rate has remained stagnant at 51 per 1000 live births.? Neo-natal mortality accounts for nearly 75% of the IMR.? Unless Neo-natal mortality is reduced,? our goal of reducing the IMR to 30 per 1000 live births will not be achieved.
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3.????? Maternal Mortality at 1.3 per 1000 live births continues to be a concern.? In Tamil Nadu, a large proportion of the women in the child bearing age group are affected by anemia.? This is one of the major causes for maternal mortality.
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The following strategies will be adopted to tackle the stagnant Birth Rate and IMR, and bring down the maternal mortality to the desired level:-
1.????Existing infrastructure facilities in the Government Health Care System will be improved to provide optimum level of service for maternal and child care.
2.????? Emergency obstetric care will be made available round the clock in select institutions to which referral transport facilities will be provided.
3.????? The involvement of Non-Government Sector will be encouraged to provide emergency obstetric care and family welfare services, especially in unserved and underserved pockets.
4.?????The support of Local Bodies and the Community based Organizations such as Self Help Groups will be enlisted to bring about awareness and behavioural change among eligible couples to make them accept family welfare services.
5.????? The nutritional status of adolescent girls and pregnant women will be improved.
6.?????The District Collector will be involved as the Team Leader to ensure intersectoral co-ordination and monitor the performance of various Family Welfare Schemes in his District.
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Provision of Equipments for the Emergency Obstetric and New Born Care Unit in all District Headquarters Hospitals at a total cost of Rs.25 lakhs.?
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